ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: IgA nephropathy is the most common type of glomerulonephritis to progress to the end-stage renal disease. The variable course and long natural history of the disease make it difficult to predict prognosis. The aim of the present study was to search for significant predictive factors at the time of biopsy. METHODS: Authors investigated the association between prognosis of IgA nephropathy and clinical (age, sex, hypertension, compliance), laboratory (serum creatinine and uric acid, proteinuria, selective proteinuria index, IgA/C3 ratio), and histologic findings at the time of biopsy from 50 patients who were biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy and followed for more than 5 years at our hospital. Two outcomes were analysed. The first, only 46 cases (initial GFR > or =60) were divided into two groups:group 1 (last GFR > or =60 mL/min), group 2 ( or =30% and GFR <90 mL/min). RESULTS: Risk factors for chronic renal failure by multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazards model) were compliance. And histopathologic classification as Haas has predictive value for rapid deterioration of GFR (p<0.005). CONCLUSION: Compliance may be predictors for renal survival in the patients with IgA nephropathy by multivariate analysis. Histopathologic classification as Haas was related with rapid reduction of renal function. And hyperuricemia seems to be related with prognosis of IgA nephropathy. But these outcome may need further evaluation by long-term and large cohort study.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biopsy , Classification , Cohort Studies , Compliance , Creatinine , Follow-Up Studies , Glomerulonephritis , Glomerulonephritis, IGA , Hypertension , Hyperuricemia , Immunoglobulin A , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Multivariate Analysis , Natural History , Prognosis , Proteinuria , Risk Factors , Uric AcidABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Klebsiella pneumoniae is emerging as the leading cause for liver abscess although the most common pathogen was Escherichia coli in the past. Patients with diabetes mellitus are more likely to have a pyogenic liver abscess with gas forming infection; a gas forming pyogenic liver abscess carries a higher morbidity and mortality than the non-gas forming group. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical presentation and prognostic factors for pyogenic liver abscess in diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic patients. METHODS: Medical records of 140 cases of patients treated for pyogenic liver abscess from January 1995 through January 2004 were reviewed retrospectively in detail. RESULTS: Among 140 cases of pyogenic liver abscess, underlying diabetes was present in 26.4% (37/140). The clinical presentation between the two groups was not significantly different. The most common organism for the pyogenic abscess was K. pneumoniae in both groups. A gas forming liver abscess was discovered in only the diabetic liver abscess group, 6 of 37 patients (16%). CONCLUSIONS: K. pneumoniae was the most common organism cultured in both diabetic and non-diabetic liver abscess. Gas forming liver abscess was more common in diabetic patients than non-diabetic patients. Diabetic patients had more complications than non-diabetic patients.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Diabetes Complications , Klebsiella Infections/complications , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Liver Abscess, Pyogenic/complications , PrognosisABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to assess dietary fiber intake and the relationship between dietary fiber intake and nutrient intakes of elementary school students. Food consumption of 200 elementary school students (100 boys, 100 girls) in the 6th grade in Gimhae was assessed by 2-day estimated food records. Nutrient intakes were calculated using CAN-pro and total dietary fiber (TDF) intake using the TDF tables of the common Korean foods. The mean height and weight of the boys were 147.7 cm and 42.1 kg. The mean height and weight of the girls were 149.1 cm and 41.1 kg. The mean body mass index (BMI) of the boys (19.3 kg/m2) was significantly higher than that of the girls (18.4 kg/m2, p +/- 0.05). Average daily intake of energy of the boys and girls was 1733 and 1778 kcal, respectively. Intakes of protein, P, and niacin of the boys and girls exceeded 110% of current RDA. Intakes of Fe, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2 of the boys were similar to RDA. Intake of vitamin B1 exceeded 110% of current RDA and intakes of Fe and vitamin A were similar to RDA among the girls. Ca intake of the boys and girls was 74.2% and 60.1% of RDA, respectively. Vitamin C intake of the boys and girls were 63.6% and 71.7% of RDA, respectively. Intakes of fat, Ca, P, and vitamin B2 of the boys were significantly higher than the girls. Intakes of Fe and vitamin A of the boys were significantly lower than the girls. Average daily intakes of TDF of the boys and girls were 11.2 g and 11.1 g, respectively. TDF intake of the children at the 6th grade of elementary school was about 70% of "age (yr) + 5 g", a recommended level for American children. Major food groups to supply dietary fiber were vegetables, grains, and seasonings among the boys and girls. Major sources of dietary fiber were Kimchi, rice, and red pepper powder which supplied 17.85%. 15.71%, and 5.18% of TDF among the boys and 18.02%, 16.22%, and 6.58% among the girls. Daily fiber intake showed significant positive correlations with intakes of grains, vegetables, fruits, legumes, and seasonings among the boys and girls. Daily fiber intake showed significant positive correlations with intakes of energy, carbohydrates, protein, lipids, Ca, P, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, and vitamin C among both the boys and girls. From the results of this study we could conclude that it is recommended to increase dietary fiber intake in elementary school students at upper level.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Ascorbic Acid , Body Mass Index , Capsicum , Carbohydrates , Edible Grain , Dietary Fiber , Fabaceae , Fruit , Niacin , Riboflavin , Seasons , Thiamine , Vegetables , Vitamin AABSTRACT
No abstract available.
ABSTRACT
Twin pregnancies represent a high risk obstetric population with perinatal morbidity and mortality much greater than that of singleton pregnancies. A retrospective dinical evaluation was attempted to analyse 211 cases of twin pregnancies in Chunchon Sacred Heart Hospital of Hallym University from Jan. l. 1988 to Dec. 31. 1997. The results were as follows. 1) The incidence of twin pregnancy was 1 in 93.9 deliveries. 2) The age of mother ranged from 19 to 42 years and predominant age group was 26-30 which covers 43.1% of all. 3) Nullipara was 61.1% and multipara was 38.9%. 4) The predominant gestational age group at delivery was 36-37 weeks, 33.2%. 5) In presentation, both cephalic combination was 46.4%, cephalic-breech was 26.1%. 6) The birth weight was less than 2500gm in 64.9% of the 1st babies and 70.6% of the 2nd babies, respectively. 7) The rate of cesarean section was 89.0%. The indications of cesarean section were malpresention (48.9%), elective cesarean section(38.8%), and toxemia(9.0%). 8) In 23 cases of vaginal delivery, the average duration of labor was 7.0 hours and 43.5% of 2nd baby was delivered within 5 min after 1st baby delivery, 9) The most frequent maternal complications during pregnancy were anemia(36.0%), preterm labor(34.6%) and preeclamsia(17.5%). 10) The perinatal mortality rate of the first and second twins was 10.4% and 12.3%, respectively. The main causes of perinatal death were prematurity(52.1%) and stillborn(22.9%). 11) Both female was 43.6%, both male was 39.3%, and opposite sex was 17.1% in infant.